Manufacturing worldwide accounts for around a third of total global CO2 emissions. This is split across a range of sub-sectors including automotive, consumer electronics, heavy industry and construction materials production. A 50% reduction in emissions between 2020 and 2030 equates to 8.6 gigatonnes of CO2. However, this is a challenge at a global level as many of the most manufacturing-intensive economies (notably China and India, which combined account for more than 30% of global manufacturing output) remain in high-growth phases, meaning that consumer demand from rising per capita incomes will continue to drive production needs. Moving to a more sustainable model of manufacturing alongside renewable energy sources is crucial across the board.