Transport comprises sub-sectors such as private passenger cars, commercial logistics, shipping, aviation, rail networks and public transport. In all, it accounts for around 16% of global CO2 emissions, equivalent to 8.6 gigatonnes (Gt) in 2020. As with manufacturing, transport activity is directly correlated with economic growth and population movement. This has driven the emissions trend steadily upwards over the last 10–15 years in high-growth economies, notably the BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India and China), as well as other countries in Asia (Vietnam, Pakistan and Indonesia) and parts of Africa. This will continue to be the case without changes in terms of technology use, behaviours, cleaner fuels and regulation to encourage decarbonisation.