Best way to build the all-optical, ultra-long haul terrestrial network

Choice of the "all-optical" approach-transmission without the more customary electronic regeneration every 500 km or so-has recently been dictated by the economics of ultralong-haul, Terabit-level, dense WDM. Two key technologies, viz., dispersion-managed solitons and Raman amplification, enable the best performance in this all-optical mode. With them, it is possible to maintain optical transparency over vast geographical regions, such as that of the North American continent