DSM of Electric Vehicles using Future Internet (Balancing the grid in cases of unplanned events causing frequency instability)

Of all the elements of frequency control available to a Transmission Systems Operator (TSO), by far the most valuable is the availability of an autonomous 5-15 second response window. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of using future internet technologies to balance the load on the grid in cases where unplanned events e.g. a drop in renewable energy supply (RES), have caused fluctuations in grid frequency. This is done by remotely controlling the load drawn by the domestic electric vehicle (EV) charge points. The paper is structured as follows - Section I introduces the paper as well as the state of the art in smart charging; Section II describes the demand side management scenario and provides further background details about the issues that have given rise to this work; Section III details the connectivity requirements, the critical response requirements of the scenario and testbed architecture; Section IV describes technical implementation of a future internet frequency response framework; Section V outlines some of the challenges that are yet to be addressed; and finally, Section VI offers some conclusions.