General principles of valve-crate design

Large valves are suspended from a framework by spring-loaded cables with turnbuckles and phosphor-bronze damping blocks, to prevent damage in transit. The paper theoretically investigates the stiffness of springs required and size of crate to withstand a given severity of shock due to handling. To prevent forced oscillations, damping should not be introduced until the springs have undergone a suitable displacement. Tests prove the effectiveness of the theory.