The authors compare both theoretically and experimentally an optical and an electrical method for determining the noise factor (NF) of optical amplifiers.
In a network of large number of devices, we address the problem of estimation of the probability distribution of quantities measured by the set of nodes in a geographical area.
We obtain accurate density functional theory exchange and correlation potentials V xc(r) and their gap discontinuities from an exact relationship with the self-energy.
A component finding wide usage in the bus-oriented architecture of today's computer systems is the tristate driver. A typical arrangement is shown in Fig. 1.
Atomic compositions of individual particles of sodium chloride, ammonium sulfate, and silica are measured in real-time using an aerosol mass spectrometer.
A simple self-referenced nondestructive method is proposed for measuring the cutoff wavelength of microstructured optical fibers (MOFs).
In the conventional sense, a passive intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is perceived as an ideal phase shifter to the incident signal.
A Finite Difference Time Domain approach is used to design and optimize QWIPs optoelectronic devices.
There exists a calculating method for internal leaks in dry Roots vacuum pumps. It rests upon the semi-empirical Knudsen-Dong law (Knudsen M, Ann Phys 1909;28:75; Dong W, PhD thesis, Contract no.
In optical transport networks the quality of transmission (QoT) is estimated before provisioning new connections or upgrading existing ones.
