Green Wireless Access Networks

4 1.2 Cell Deployment Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.2.1 Macro Cell Deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.2.2 Heterogeneous Cell Deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.3 Relaying Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1.3.1 Relaying Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1.3.2 Two Hop vs. Multicast Cooperative Relaying . . . . . 11 1.3.3 Hybrid Schemes for Two Hop Relaying . . . . . . . . . 13 1.4 Multi-RAT Deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 1.4.1 Aspects of LTE Roll-out over Legacy Networks . . . . 14 1.4.2 Topology Planning in Multi-RAT Environment . . . . 14 1.4.3 Comparison of LTE and Legacy Networks . . . . . . . 16 1.5 Base Station Coordination and Cooperation . . . . . . . . . 17 1.5.1 Fractional Frequency Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 1.5.2 Cooperating Base Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 1.6 Adaptive Network Reconfiguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 1.6.1 Bandwidth Adaptation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 1.6.2 Multi-RAT Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 1.7 Radio Resource Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 1.7.1 Theoretical Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 1.7.2 High Load Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 1.7.3 Low Load Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 1.7.4 Hardware Optimal Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 1.8 Future Architectures .