Heterostructure circuit applications in optical communications

Remarkable progress has been made in practical use of high-speed heterostructure device technologies for communications. To further expand the possible applications, devices with higher performance or able to perform new functions are going to be key elements for future transmission systems. In this article, the status of high-speed integrated circuits targeted for either wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) or time division multiplexing (TDM) is reviewed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.