Space Weather Effects on Technologies
01 January 2003
In the last about 150 years, the variety of human technologies that are embedded in space-affected environments have vastly increased. This paper presents some of the history of the subject of "space weather", beginning' with early electric telegraph systems and continuing to today. An overview is presented of the present-day technologies that can be affected by solar-terrestrial phenomena such as galactic cosmic rays, solar-producted plasmas, and geomagnetic disturbances in the Earth's magnetosphere.