On the Capacity of Radio Communication Systems with Diversity in a Rayleigh Fading Environment.

In this paper we study the fundamental limits on the data rate of multiple antenna systems in a Rayleigh environment. With M transmit and M receive antennas, up to M independent channels can be established in the same bandwidth. We study the distribution of the maximum data rate at a given error rate in the channels between up to M transmit antennas and M receive antennas and determine the outage probability for systems that use various signal processing techniques. We analyze the performance of the optimum linear and nonlinear receiver processor and the optimum linear transmitter/receiver processor pair, and the capacity of these channels. Results show that with optimum linear processing at the receiver up to M/2 channels can be established with approximately the same maximum data rate as a single channel.