The way and the exact timing of the evolution of the widely used DWDM infrastructure to a transparent optical network will be judged upon the economical circumstances and network performace.
Integrated desorption mass spectroscopy (IDMS) is a simple yet powerful technique for studying the gas phase products of surface chemical reactions.
With the evolution of analog mobile wireless communications systems into digital second- and third-generation systems, there is growing interest in finding more efficient ways of managing the avail
This paper develops an algorithm for integrated dynamic routing of bandwidth guaranteed paths in IP over WDM networks.
Future packet transport networks need to cope with rapidly growing Internet traffic.
The fabrication and performance characteristics of a new single frequency integrated external cavity distributed Bragg reflector lasers are described.
The fabrication and performance characteristics of single frequency integrated external cavity lasers of the coupled cavity type and the distributed Bragg reflector type are described.
An analysis and the device performance of an integrated optical 4 channel multi/demultiplexer based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer elements are presented. The channel spacing is 77angstrom.
Free-space optical components such as lenses, beamsplitters, etc., can be fabricated and integrated on single substrates by using planar fabrication techniques.
Free-space optical components such as lenses, beamsplitters, etc., can be fabricated and integrated on single substrates by using planar fabrication techniques.
